Bava Batra 168

יין וחומץ מין אחד הוא רבי אומר שני מינין אפילו תימא רבנן עד כאן לא פליגי רבנן עליה דרבי אלא לענין מעשר ותרומה וכדר' אלעא

Wine and vinegar are the same<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With reference to Terumah, which must not be separated from one species to redeem another. ');">¹</span> in kind. Rabbi says: [They are regarded as] two [different] kinds.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Our Mishnah, since it allows both buyer and seller to withdraw, must obviously regard wine and vinegar as two different kinds, as Rabbi. ');">²</span>

דאמר רבי אלעא מנין לתורם מן הרעה על היפה שתרומתו תרומה שנאמר (במדבר יח, לב) ולא תשאו עליו חטא בהרימכם את חלבו ממנו

— It may be said [to be in agreement] even [with] the Rabbis. They dispute with Rabbi only in the case of tithe and heave-offering [for they are of the same opinion as] R. Elai. For R. Elai said: Whence [is it inferred] that, if one separates a heave-offering from an inferior quality for the [redemption of] a superior quality, his offering is valid, for it is said: And ye shall bear no sin by reason of it, seeing that ye have set apart from it the best thereof,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XVIII, 32. ');">³</span> [but, it is to be inferred, if you do not set apart from the best, but of the worst, you shall bear sin]; if, [however, the inferior quality] does not become consecrated, why [should there be any] bearing of sin?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely no wrong has been done, since his action is null and void, and he has to give another heave-offering. ');">⁴</span>

אם אינו קדוש נשיאות חטא למה מכאן לתורם מן הרעה על היפה שתרומתו תרומה

Hence [it may be inferred] that if one separates a heave-offering from an inferior quality for [the redemption of] a superior quality, his offering is valid.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra 143a; B. M. 56a. ');">⁵</span> As regards commercial transactions, however, all [are of the opinion that wine and vinegar are not of the same kind] because some one may like wine and not vinegar while another may like vinegar and not wine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence, though wine and vinegar may be regarded as belonging to the same kind, the sale of one in lieu of the other is not valid, and both buyer and seller may, therefore, withdraw according to the opinion of all, including that of the Rabbis. ');">⁶</span>

אבל לענין מקח וממכר דכולי עלמא איכא דניחא ליה בחמרא ולא ניחא ליה בחלא ואיכא דניחא ליה בחלא ולא ניחא ליה בחמרא:

nbsp; <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. IF ONE HAS SOLD FRUIT TO ANOTHER<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the price was agreed upon. ');">⁷</span>

<big><strong>מתני'</strong></big> המוכר פירות לחבירו משך ולא מדד קנה מדד ולא משך לא קנה אם היה פיקח שוכר את מקומן

[AND THE BUYER] HAS PULLED<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 304, n. 8. By meshikah one acquires possession in an alley or in a courtyard which is the common property of both buyer and seller. ');">⁸</span> [THEM]. THOUGH THEY HAVE NOT [YET] BEEN MEASURED,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Measuring is not an essential of the sale. It merely determines the quantity sold. The sale, therefore, becomes effective though no measuring has yet taken place. ');">⁹</span>

הלוקח פשתן מחבירו הרי זה לא קנה עד שיטלטלנו ממקום למקום ואם היה מחובר לקרקע ותלש כל שהוא קנה:

OWNERSHIP IS ACQUIRED. [IF HOWEVER] THEY HAVE BEEN MEASURED<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How and where, is explained in the Gemara. ');">¹⁰</span> BUT [THE BUYER] HAS NOT PULLED [THEM], OWNERSHIP IS NOT ACQUIRED. IF [THE BUYER] IS PRUDENT, HE HIRES THE PLACE WHERE THEY ARE KEPT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the case when the fruit is kept in the domain of the seller, the buyer hires the place where they are kept, and thus acquires ownership of the fruit. A person's domain acquires possession for him. ');">¹¹</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> א"ר אסי א"ר יוחנן מדד והניח על גבי סימטא קנה

IF ONE BUYS FLAX FROM ANOTHER, HE DOES NOT ACQUIRE OWNERSHIP UNTIL HE MOVES IT FROM PLACE TO PLACE. AND IF IT WAS ATTACHED TO THE GROUND AND HE PLUCKED [OF IT] ANY QUANTITY, HE ACQUIRES OWNERSHIP. <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. R. Assi said in the name of R. Johanan: [If the buyer] has measured [with the seller's instruments] and has put [them] in an alley, he acquires possession.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. n. 1. ');">¹²</span>

א"ל ר' זירא לרבי אסי שמא לא שמע רבי אלא במודד לתוך קופתו א"ל דמי האי מרבנן כדלא גמרי אינשי שמעתא מדד לתוך קופתו מימרא בעי

R. Zera said to R. Assi: Is it not possible that my master<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Assi. ');">¹³</span> has heard [this statement]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That possession Is acquired in an alley. ');">¹⁴</span>

קיבלה מיניה או לא קיבלה מיניה תא שמע דאמר ר' ינאי אמר רבי חצר השותפין קונין זה מזה מאי לאו על גבי קרקע לא לתוך קופתו

only in [the case where the buyer] has measured into his [own] basket?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the basket, his property, acquired for him possession of the fruit; but if the fruit were put on the bare ground of the alley. no possession would have been acquired. ');">¹⁵</span> He replied unto him: This young Rabbi seems to think that people do not correctly memorise what they hear. [If the buyer had] measured it into his [own] basket, would there have been any need to tell [that ownership is acquired]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The basket would have acquired possession for the buyer even if it had been in the seller's territory, how much more when it is in an alley. ');">¹⁶</span>

הכי נמי מסתברא דא"ר יעקב א"ר יוחנן מדד והניח על גבי סימטא לא קנה קשיין אהדדי אלא לאו ש"מ כאן במודד לתוך קופתו כאן במודד על גבי קרקע שמע מינה

Did he<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Zera. ');">¹⁷</span> accept it from him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Assi. ');">¹⁸</span>

תא שמע מדד ולא משך לא קנה מאי לאו בסימטא לא ברשות הרבים אי הכי אימא רישא משך ולא מדד קנה משיכה ברשות הרבים מי קניא

or not? — Come and hear what R. Jannai said in the name of Rabbi: [In the case of] a courtyard in partnership, [the partners] may acquire possession [of objects they buy] from one another. Does not this [refer to the case where the objects bought lie] on the [bare] ground?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And since objects are acquired in a partner's courtyard, they are also acquired in an alley which is regarded as the property of those who happen to be there. This being the report of R. Jannai, the master of R. Johanan, and being also in agreement with that which R. Assi stated in the name of R. Johanan, it must have been accepted by R. Zera. ');">¹⁹</span> — No; [this refers to the case when they were put] into his basket. This can also be supported by argument. For R. Jacob said in the name of R. Johanan: [If the buyer] measures and puts [them] in an alley. he does not acquire possession. Are not these<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reports of R. Assi and R. Jannai, on the one hand, and that of R. Jacob on the other. ');">²⁰</span>

והא אביי ורבא דאמרי תרוייהו מסירה קונה ברשות הרבים ובחצר שאינה של שניהן משיכה קונה בסימטא ובחצר שהיא של שניהן והגבהה קונה בכל מקום

contradictory? But surely it must be concluded [that] one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That of R. Assi and R. Jannai. ');">²¹</span> [case refers to one] who measures into his basket, the other<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That of R. Jacob. ');">²²</span>

מאי משך נמי דקתני מרה"ר לסימטא אי הכי אימא סיפא אם היה פיקח שוכר את מקומן ואי ברה"ר ממאן אגר הכי קאמר ואם ברשות בעלים היא אם היה פיקח שוכר את מקומן

[case, to one] who measures upon the [bare] ground. This is conclusive.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That R. Jannai's report refers to a case where they were put into his (the buyer's) basket, but otherwise he could not have acquired ownership; so that R. Zera could not have accepted R. Assi's report. ');">²³</span> Come and hear: [IF HOWEVER] THEY HAVE BEEN MEASURED BUT [THE BUYER] HAS NOT PULLED [THEM]. OWNERSHIP IS NOT ACQUIRED. Does not this refer to an alley!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How, then, can R. Assi say that objects, if deposited in an alley, are acquired? ');">²⁴</span>

רב ושמואל דאמרי תרוייהו

— No; [this refers] to reshuth harabbim.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">²⁵</span> If so, explain the first clause, [IF HE] HAS PULLED [THEM] THOUGH THEY HAVE NOT [YET] BEEN MEASURED, OWNERSHIP IS ACQUIRED. Does 'pulling' acquire possession in a reshuth harabbim? — Surely both Abaye and Raba have stated:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 76b. ');">²⁶</span> <i>Mesirah</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">²⁷</span> confers legal ownership in reshuth harabbim<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 307, n. 8. ');">²⁸</span> or in a yard which belongs to neither of them;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 308, n. 1. ');">²⁹</span> <i>Meshikah</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">³⁰</span> confers ownership in an alley<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 308, n. 3. ');">³¹</span> or in a yard owned by both of them; and 'lifting'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">³²</span> confers ownership everywhere.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Kid. 23b. How then, in view of the joint statement of Abaye and Raba, can it be said that by pulling in the reshuth harabbim one acquires ownership? ');">³³</span> 'Pulling' mentioned [in our Mishnah] also means from the reshuth harabbim to an alley. If so, explain the next clause of our Mishnah, IF [THE BUYER] IS PRUDENT, HE HIRES THE PLACE WHERE THEY ARE KEPT. [Now], if [the object is] in reshuth harabbim, from whom could he hire? — This is what [the Mishnah] means: And if [the object] is in the domain of the owner,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The seller. ');">³⁴</span> IF [THE BUYER] IS PRUDENT, HE HIRES THE PLACE WHERE THEY ARE KEPT. Both Rab and Samuel have stated: